PPC § 99 — Acts against which there is no right of private defence

Statutory text (English)

There is no right of private
defence against an act which does not reasonably cause the apprehension of death or of grievous hurt,
if done, or attempted to be done by a public servant acting in good faith under colour of his office,
though that act may not be strictly justifiable by law.
There is no right of private defence against an act which does not reasonably cause the
apprehension of death or of grievous hurt, if done, or attempted to be done, by the direction of a public
servant acting in good faith under colour of his office though that direction may not be strictly
justifiable by law.
There is no right of private defence in cases in which there is time to have recourse to the
protection of the public authorities.
Extent to which the right may be exercised. The right of private defence in no case extends
to the inflicting of more harm than it is necessary to inflict for the purpose of defence.

Explanation 1.— A person is not deprived of the right of private defence against an act done, or
attempted to be done, by a public servant, as such, unless he knows, or has reason to believe, that the
person doing the act is such public servant.

Explanation 2.— A person is not deprived of the right of private defence against an act done, or
attempted to be done, by the direction of a public servant, unless he knows, or has reason to believe,
that the person doing the act is acting by such direction, or unless such person states the authority under
which he acts, or if he has authority in writing, unless he produces such authority, if demanded.

Source and verification

Source citation: PPC (Act XLV of 1860) s.99: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE PAKISTAN PENAL CODE' (Act No. XLV of 1860), p. 49, 50, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

1 historical record is linked to this section. Historical wording may be incomplete or pending verification; it is not presented as current law.

• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 49, 50) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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