PPC § 103 — When the right of private defence of property extends to causing death

Statutory text (English)

The right
of private defence of property extends, under the restrictions mentioned in section 99, to the voluntary
causing of death or of any other harm to the wrong-doer, if the offence, the committing of which, or
the attempting to commit which, occasions the exercise of the right, be an offence of any of the descriptions hereinafter enumerated, namely:—
First.— Robbery ;
Secondly.— House-breaking by night ;
Thirdly.— Mischief by fire committed on any building, tent or vessel, which building, tent
or vessel is used as a human dwelling or as a place for the custody of property ;
Fourthly.— Theft, mischief or house-trespass, under such circumstances as may reasonably
cause apprehension that death or grievous hurt will be the consequence, if such right of private defence
is not exercised.

Source and verification

Source citation: PPC (Act XLV of 1860) s.103: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE PAKISTAN PENAL CODE' (Act No. XLV of 1860), p. 50, 51, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

1 historical record is linked to this section. Historical wording may be incomplete or pending verification; it is not presented as current law.

• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 50, 51) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

Read this provision with care

This is a public reference to a stored statute record, not legal advice or a case-specific interpretation. Check the latest official gazette, applicable amendments and jurisdiction before relying on the text. A citation and verification label describe the record in this app; they cannot confirm that no later change has occurred. For a real legal matter, consult a licensed advocate.

Use the full PPC section index to compare nearby provisions, or return to search.