PPC § 361 — Kidnapping from lawful guardianship

Statutory text (English)

Whoever takes or entices any minor under
fourteen years of age if a male, or under sixteen years of age if a female, or any person of unsound
mind, out of the keeping of the lawful guardian of such minor or person of unsound mind, without the
consent of such guardian, is said to kidnap such minor or person from lawful guardianship.

Explanation.— The words “lawful guardian” in this section include any person lawfully
entrusted with the care or custody of such minor or other person.
Exception.— This section does not extend to the act of any person who in good faith believes
himself to be the father of an illegitimate child, or who in good faith believes himself to be entitled to
the lawful custody of such child, unless such act is committed for an immoral or unlawful purpose.

Source and verification

Source citation: PPC (Act XLV of 1860) s.361: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE PAKISTAN PENAL CODE' (Act No. XLV of 1860), p. 129, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

1 historical record is linked to this section. Historical wording may be incomplete or pending verification; it is not presented as current law.

• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 129) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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