PPC § 445 — House-breaking

Statutory text (English)

A person is said to commit “house-breaking” who commits
house-trespass if he effects his entrance into the house or any part of it in any of the six ways hereinafter
described; or if, being in the house or any part of it for the purpose of committing an offence, or, having
committed an offence therein, he quits the house or any part of it in any of such six ways, that is to
say:—
Firstly.— If he enters or quits through a passage made by himself, or by any abettor of the
house-trespass, in order to the committing of the house-trespass.
Secondly.— If he enters or quits through any passage not intended by any person, other than
himself or an abettor of the offence, for human entrance ; or through any passage to which he has
obtained access by scaling or climbing over any wall or building.
Thirdly.— If he enters or quits through any passage which he or any abettor of the
house-trespass has opened, in order to the committing of the house-trespass by any means by which
that passage was not intended by the occupier of the house to be opened.
Fourthly.— If he enters or quits by opening any lock in order to the committing of the house-
trespass, or in order to the quitting of the house after a house-trespass.
Fifthly.— If he effects his entrance or departure by using criminal force or committing an
assault, or by threatening any person with assault.
Sixthly.— If he enters or quits by any passage which he knows to have been fastened against
such entrance or departure, and to have been unfastened by himself or by an abettor of the house -
trespass.

Explanation.— Any out-house or building occupied with a house, and between which and such
house there is an immediate internal communication, is part of the house within the meaning of this
section.
Illustrations
(a) A commits house-trespass by making a hole through the wall of Z’s house, and
putting his hand through the apperture. This is house-breaking.
(b) A commits house-trespass by creeping into a ship at a port-hole between decks.
This is house-breaking.
(c) A commits house-trespass by entering Z’s house, through a window. This is
house- breaking.
(d) A commits house-trespass by entering Z’s house through the door, having
opened a door which was fastened. This is house-breaking.
(e) A commits house-trespass by entering Z’s house through the door having lifted
a latch by putting a wire through a hole in the door. This is house-breaking.
(f) A finds the key of Z’s house door, which Z had lost, and commits house-trespass
by entering Z’s house, having opened the door with that key. This is
house-breaking.
(g) Z is standing in his doorway. A forces a passage by knocking Z down, and
commits house- trespass by entering the house. This is house-breaking.
(h) Z, the door-keeper of Y, is standing in Y’s doorway. A commits house-trespass
by entering the house, having deterred Z from opposing him by threatening to
beat him. This is house- breaking.

Source and verification

Source citation: PPC (Act XLV of 1860) s.445: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE PAKISTAN PENAL CODE' (Act No. XLV of 1860), p. 151, 152, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

1 historical record is linked to this section. Historical wording may be incomplete or pending verification; it is not presented as current law.

• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 151, 152) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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