Qanoon Pakistan Law Reference

federal law · 1973

Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Constitution 1973)

Browse 317 section records currently available for this law in Qanoon. Open a section to read the English text, source citation and record-level verification status.

Qanoon publishes entries from its local law bundle and does not assume a code is complete simply because it appears in this catalogue. The ingestion and verification status for this code is partially_verified. Source note: Consolidated official text ingested 2026-09-15 from Pakistan Code portal PDF 'THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN [12th April, 1973]' (176 pp., pakistancode.gov.pk/pdffiles/administrator9d8e2ecc414c6d3371ac41114b61a2c4.pdf), reflecting amendments up to the Constitution (Twenty-seventh Amendment) Act, 2025. Articles 9, 9A, 10, 10A, 19, 19A, 25, 25A verified (pp. 21-26); remainder not yet ingested. Bulk auto-transcription 2026-09-15: Fundamental Rights chapter expanded — Articles 4, 5, 8, 11-18,…

Section index

  1. § Article 1 — The Republic and its territories
  2. § Article 2 — Islam to be State religion
  3. § Article 2A — The Objectives Resolution to form part of substantive provisions
  4. § Article 3 — Elimination of exploitation
  5. § Article 4 — Right of individuals to be dealt with in accordance with law, etc
  6. § Article 5 — Loyalty to State and obedience to Constitution and law
  7. § Article 6 — High treason
  8. § Article 7 — Definition of the State
  9. § Article 8 — Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental Rights to be void
  10. § Article 9 — Security of person
  11. § Article 9A — Clean and healthy environment
  12. § Article 10 — Safeguards as to arrest and detention
  13. § Article 10A — Right to fair trial
  14. § Article 11 — Slavery, forced labour, etc
  15. § Article 12 — Protection against retrospective punishment
  16. § Article 13 — Protection against double punishment and self-incrimination
  17. § Article 14 — Inviolability of dignity of man, etc
  18. § Article 15 — Freedom of movement, etc
  19. § Article 16 — Freedom of assembly
  20. § Article 17 — Freedom of association
  21. § Article 18 — Freedom of trade, business or profession
  22. § Article 19 — Freedom of speech, etc.
  23. § Article 19A — Right to information
  24. § Article 20 — Freedom to profess religion and to manage religious institutions
  25. § Article 21 — Safeguard against taxation for purposes of any particular religion
  26. § Article 22 — Safeguards as to educational institutions in respect of religion, etc
  27. § Article 23 — Provision as to property
  28. § Article 24 — Protection of property rights
  29. § Article 25 — Equality of citizens
  30. § Article 25A — Right to education
  31. § Article 26 — Non-discrimination in respect of access to public places
  32. § Article 27 — Safeguard against discrimination in services
  33. § Article 28 — Preservation of language, script and culture
  34. § Article 29 — Principles of Policy
  35. § Article 30 — Responsibility with respect to Principles of Policy
  36. § Article 31 — Islamic way of life
  37. § Article 32 — Promotion of local Government institutions
  38. § Article 33 — Parochial and other similar prejudices to be discouraged
  39. § Article 34 — Full participation of women in national life
  40. § Article 35 — Protection of family, etc
  41. § Article 36 — Protection of minorities
  42. § Article 37 — Promotion of social justice and eradication of social evils
  43. § Article 38 — Promotion of social and economic well-being of the people
  44. § Article 39 — Participation of people in Armed Forces
  45. § Article 40 — Strengthening bonds with Muslim world and promoting international peace
  46. § Article 41 — The President
  47. § Article 42 — Oath of President
  48. § Article 43 — Conditions of President’s office
  49. § Article 44 — Term of office of President
  50. § Article 45 — President’s power to grant pardon, etc
  51. § Article 46 — President to be kept informed
  52. § Article 47 — Removal 2[or impeachment] of President
  53. § Article 48 — President to act on advice, etc
  54. § Article 49 — Chairman or Speaker to act as, or perform functions of, President
  55. § Article 50 — Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
  56. § Article 51 — National Assembly
  57. § Article 52 — Duration of National Assembly
  58. § Article 53 — Speaker and Deputy Speaker of National Assembly
  59. § Article 54 — Summoning and prorogation of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
  60. § Article 55 — Voting in Assembly and quorum
  61. § Article 56 — Address by President
  62. § Article 57 — Right to speak in 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)]
  63. § Article 58 — Dissolution of the National Assembly
  64. § Article 59 — The Senate
  65. § Article 60 — Chairman and Deputy Chairman
  66. § Article 61 — Other provisions relating to Senate
  67. § Article 62 — Qualifications for membership of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
  68. § Article 63 — Disqualifications for membership of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
  69. § Article 63A — Disqualification on grounds of defection, etc
  70. § Article 64 — Vacation of seats
  71. § Article 65 — Oath of members
  72. § Article 66 — Privileges of members, etc
  73. § Article 67 — Rules of procedure, etc
  74. § Article 68 — Restriction on discussion in 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)]
  75. § Article 69 — Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
  76. § Article 70 — Introduction and passing of Bills
  77. § Article 72 — Procedure at joint sittings
  78. § Article 73 — Procedure with respect to Money Bills
  79. § Article 74 — Federal Government’s consent required for financial measures
  80. § Article 75 — President’s assent to Bills
  81. § Article 76 — Bill not to lapse on prorogation, etc
  82. § Article 77 — Tax to be levied by law only
  83. § Article 78 — Federal Consolidated Fund and Public Account
  84. § Article 79 — Custody, etc
  85. § Article 80 — Annual Budget Statement
  86. § Article 81 — Expenditure charged upon Federal Consolidated Fund
  87. § Article 82 — Procedure relating to Annual Budget Statement
  88. § Article 83 — Authentication of schedule of authorised expenditure
  89. § Article 84 — Supplementary and excess grants
  90. § Article 85 — Votes on account
  91. § Article 86 — Power to authorize expenditure when Assembly stands dissolved
  92. § Article 87 — Secretariats of 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)]
  93. § Article 88 — Finance Committees
  94. § Article 89 — Power of President to promulgate Ordinances
  95. § Article 90 — The Federal Government
  96. § Article 91 — The Cabinet
  97. § Article 92 — Federal Ministers and Ministers of State
  98. § Article 93 — Advisers
  99. § Article 94 — Prime Minister continuing in office
  100. § Article 95 — Vote of no-confidence against Prime Minister
  101. § Article 96A — [Referendum as to confidence in Prime Minister] It cease to be in force on the 30th
  102. § Article 97 — Extent of executive authority of Federation
  103. § Article 98 — Conferring of functions on subordinate authorities
  104. § Article 99 — Conduct of business of Federal Government
  105. § Article 100 — Attorney-General for Pakistan
  106. § Article 101 — Appointment of Governor
  107. § Article 102 — Oath of Office
  108. § Article 103 — Conditions of Governor’s office
  109. § Article 104 — Speaker Provincial Assembly to act as, or perform functions of Governor in his
  110. § Article 105 — Governor to act on advice, etc
  111. § Article 106 — Constitution of Provincial Assemblies
  112. § Article 107 — Duration of Provincial Assembly
  113. § Article 108 — Speaker and Deputy Speaker
  114. § Article 109 — Summoning and prorogation of Provincial Assembly
  115. § Article 110 — Right of Governor to address Provincial Assembly
  116. § Article 111 — Right to speak in Provincial Assembly
  117. § Article 112 — Dissolution of Provincial Assembly
  118. § Article 113 — Qualifications and disqualifications for membership of Provincial Assembly
  119. § Article 114 — Restriction on discussion in Provincial Assembly
  120. § Article 115 — Provincial Government’s consent required for financial measures
  121. § Article 116 — Governor’s assent to Bills
  122. § Article 117 — Bill not to lapse on prorogation, etc
  123. § Article 118 — Provincial Consolidated Fund and Public Account
  124. § Article 119 — Custody, etc
  125. § Article 120 — Annual Budget Statement
  126. § Article 121 — Expenditure charged upon Provincial Consolidated Fund
  127. § Article 122 — Procedure relating to Annual Budget Statement
  128. § Article 123 — Authentication of schedule of authorized expenditure
  129. § Article 124 — Supplementary and excess grant
  130. § Article 125 — Votes on account
  131. § Article 126 — Power to authorize expenditure when Assembly stands, dissolved
  132. § Article 127 — Provisions relating to National Assembly, etc
  133. § Article 128 — Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances
  134. § Article 129 — The Provincial Government
  135. § Article 130 — The Cabinet
  136. § Article 131 — Governor to be kept informed
  137. § Article 132 — Provincial Ministers
  138. § Article 133 — Chief Minister continuing in office
  139. § Article 136 — Vote of no-confidence against Chief Minister
  140. § Article 137 — Extent of executive authority of Province
  141. § Article 138 — Conferring of functions on subordinate authorities
  142. § Article 139 — Conduct of business of Provincial Government
  143. § Article 140 — Advocate General for a Province
  144. § Article 140A — Local Government
  145. § Article 141 — Extent of Federal and Provincial laws
  146. § Article 142 — Subject-matter of Federal and Provincial laws
  147. § Article 143 — Inconsistency between Federal and Provincial law
  148. § Article 144 — Power of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to legislate for 8[One] or more Provinces by
  149. § Article 145 — Power of President to direct Governor to discharge certain functions as his Agent
  150. § Article 146 — Power of Federation to confer powers, etc
  151. § Article 147 — Power of the Provinces to entrust functions to the Federation
  152. § Article 148 — Obligation of Provinces and Federation
  153. § Article 149 — Directions to Provinces in certain cases
  154. § Article 150 — Full faith and credit for public acts, etc
  155. § Article 151 — Inter-Provincial trade
  156. § Article 152 — Acquisition of land for Federal purposes
  157. § Article 152A — [National Security Council
  158. § Article 153 — Council of Common Interests
  159. § Article 154 — Functions and rules of procedure
  160. § Article 155 — Complaints as to interference with water supplies
  161. § Article 156 — National Economic Council
  162. § Article 157 — Electricity
  163. § Article 158 — Priority of requirements of natural gas
  164. § Article 159 — Broadcasting and telecasting
  165. § Article 160 — National Finance Commission
  166. § Article 161 — Natural gas and hydro-electric power
  167. § Article 162 — Prior sanction of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which Provinces
  168. § Article 163 — Provincial taxes in respect of professions, etc
  169. § Article 164 — Grants out of Consolidated Fund
  170. § Article 165 — Exemption of certain public property from taxation
  171. § Article 165A — Power of 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] to impose tax on the income of certain
  172. § Article 166 — Borrowing by Federal Government
  173. § Article 167 — Borrowing by Provincial Government
  174. § Article 168 — Auditor-General of Pakistan
  175. § Article 169 — Functions and powers of Auditor-General
  176. § Article 170 — Power of Auditor-General to give directions as to accounts
  177. § Article 171 — Reports of Auditor-General
  178. § Article 172 — Ownerless property
  179. § Article 173 — Power to acquire property and to make contracts, etc
  180. § Article 174 — Suits and proceedings
  181. § Article 175 — Establishment and jurisdiction of courts
  182. § Article 175A — Appointment of Judges to 5[the Federal Constitutional Court,] the Supreme
  183. § Article 175B — Constitution of Federal Constitutional Court
  184. § Article 175C — Appointment of Federal Constitutional Court Judges
  185. § Article 175D — Oath of Office of the Chief Justice and other judges of the Federal Constitutional
  186. § Article 175E — Original jurisdiction of Federal Constitutional Court
  187. § Article 175F — Appellate jurisdiction of the Federal Constitutional Court
  188. § Article 175G — Review of judgments or orders by the Federal Constitutional Court
  189. § Article 175H — Advisory jurisdiction
  190. § Article 175I — Retiring Age of the Chief Justice and other judges of the Federal Constitutional
  191. § Article 175J — Acting Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court
  192. § Article 175K — Acting Judges of the Federal Constitutional Court
  193. § Article 175L — Seat of the Federal Constitutional Court
  194. § Article 176 — Constitution of Supreme Court
  195. § Article 177 — Appointment of Supreme Court Judges
  196. § Article 178 — Oath of Office
  197. § Article 179 — Retiring age
  198. § Article 180 — Acting Chief Justice
  199. § Article 181 — Acting Judges
  200. § Article 182 — Appointment of ad-hoc Judges
  201. § Article 183 — Seat of the Supreme Court
  202. § Article 185 — Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
  203. § Article 187 — Issue and execution of processes of 1[Federal Constitutional Court and] Supreme
  204. § Article 188 — Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court
  205. § Article 189 — Decisions of Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court binding on other
  206. § Article 190 — Action in aid of 1[Federal Constitutional Court and] Supreme Court
  207. § Article 191 — Rules of procedure
  208. § Article 192 — Constitution of High Court
  209. § Article 193 — Appointment of High Court Judges
  210. § Article 194 — Oath of Office
  211. § Article 195 — Retiring age
  212. § Article 196 — Acting Chief Justice
  213. § Article 197 — Additional Judges
  214. § Article 198 — Seat of the High Court
  215. § Article 199 — Jurisdiction of High Court
  216. § Article 200 — Transfer of High Court Judges
  217. § Article 201 — Decision of High Court binding on subordinate Courts
  218. § Article 202 — Rules of procedure
  219. § Article 202A — Constitutional Benches of High Courts
  220. § Article 203 — High Court to superintend subordinate Courts
  221. § Article 203A — Provisions of Chapter to override other provisions of Constitution
  222. § Article 203B — Definitions
  223. § Article 203C — The Federal Shariat Court
  224. § Article 203CC — [Penal of Ulema and Ulema members
  225. § Article 203D — Powers, jurisdiction and functions of the Court
  226. § Article 203DD — Revisional and other jurisdiction of the Court
  227. § Article 203E — Powers and procedure of the Court
  228. § Article 203F — Appeal to Supreme Court
  229. § Article 203G — Bar of jurisdiction
  230. § Article 203GG — Decision of Court binding on High Court and courts subordinate to it
  231. § Article 203H — Pending proceedings to continue, etc
  232. § Article 203J — Power to make rules
  233. § Article 204 — Contempt of Court
  234. § Article 205 — Remuneration etc
  235. § Article 206 — Resignation
  236. § Article 207 — Judge not to hold office of profit, etc
  237. § Article 208 — Officers and servants of Courts
  238. § Article 209 — Supreme Judicial Council
  239. § Article 210 — Power of Council to enforce attendance of persons, etc
  240. § Article 211 — Bar of jurisdiction
  241. § Article 212 — Administrative Courts and Tribunals
  242. § Article 212A — [Establishment of Military Courts or Tribunals
  243. § Article 212B — [Establishment of Special Courts for trial of heinous offences
  244. § Article 213 — Chief Election Commissioner
  245. § Article 214 — 2[*] Oath of Office
  246. § Article 215 — Term of office of Commissioner 2[and members]
  247. § Article 216 — Commissioner 2[and members] not to hold office of profit
  248. § Article 217 — Acting Commissioner
  249. § Article 218 — Election Commission
  250. § Article 219 — Duties of 1[Commission]
  251. § Article 220 — Executive authorities to assist Commission, etc
  252. § Article 221 — Officers and 2[staff]
  253. § Article 222 — Electoral laws
  254. § Article 223 — Bar against double membership
  255. § Article 224 — Time of Election and bye-election
  256. § Article 224A — Resolution by Committee or Election Commission
  257. § Article 225 — Election dispute
  258. § Article 226 — Election by secret ballot
  259. § Article 227 — Provisions relating to the Holy Quran and Sunnah
  260. § Article 228 — Composition, etc
  261. § Article 229 — Reference by 5[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)], etc
  262. § Article 230 — Functions of the Islamic Council
  263. § Article 231 — Rules of procedure
  264. § Article 232 — Proclamation of emergency on account of war, internal disturbance, etc
  265. § Article 233 — Power to suspend Fundamental Rights, etc
  266. § Article 234 — Power to issue Proclamation in case of failure of Constitutional machinery in a
  267. § Article 235 — Proclamation in case of financial emergency
  268. § Article 236 — Revocation of Proclamation, etc
  269. § Article 237 — 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] may make laws of indemnity, etc
  270. § Article 238 — Amendment of Constitution
  271. § Article 239 — Constitution amendment Bill
  272. § Article 240 — Appointments to service of Pakistan and conditions of service
  273. § Article 241 — Existing rules, etc
  274. § Article 242 — Public Service Commission
  275. § Article 243 — Command of Armed Forces
  276. § Article 244 — Oath of Armed Forces
  277. § Article 245 — Functions of Armed Forces
  278. § Article 246 — Tribal Areas
  279. § Article 248 — Protection to President, Governor, Minister, etc
  280. § Article 249 — Legal proceedings
  281. § Article 250 — Salaries, allowances, etc
  282. § Article 251 — National language
  283. § Article 252 — Special provisions in relation to major ports and aerodromes
  284. § Article 253 — Maximum limits as to property, etc
  285. § Article 254 — Failure to comply with requirement as to time does not render an act invalid
  286. § Article 255 — Oath of Office
  287. § Article 256 — Private armies forbidden
  288. § Article 257 — Provision relating to the State of Jammu and Kashmir
  289. § Article 258 — Government of territories outside Provinces
  290. § Article 259 — Awards
  291. § Article 260 — Definitions
  292. § Article 261 — Person acting in office not to be regarded as successor to previous occupant of office,
  293. § Article 262 — Gregorian calendar to be used
  294. § Article 263 — Gender and number
  295. § Article 264 — Effect of repeal of laws
  296. § Article 265 — Title of Constitution and commencement
  297. § Article 266 — Repeal
  298. § Article 267 — Power of President to remove difficulties
  299. § Article 267A — Power to remove difficulties
  300. § Article 267B — Removal of doubt
  301. § Article 268 — Continuance in force, and adaptation of certain laws
  302. § Article 269 — Validation of law, acts, etc
  303. § Article 270 — Temporary validation of certain laws, etc
  304. § Article 270A — Affirmation of President’s Orders, etc
  305. § Article 270AA — Declaration and continuance of laws etc
  306. § Article 270B — Elections to be deemed to be held under Constitution
  307. § Article 270BB — General Elections 2008
  308. § Article 271 — First National Assembly
  309. § Article 272 — First 2[constitution of] Senate
  310. § Article 273 — First Provincial Assembly
  311. § Article 274 — Vesting of property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations
  312. § Article 275 — Continuance in office of persons in service of Pakistan, etc
  313. § Article 276 — Oath of first President
  314. § Article 277 — Transitional financial provisions
  315. § Article 278 — Accounts not audited before commencing day
  316. § Article 279 — Continuance of taxes
  317. § Article 280 — Continuance of Proclamation of Emergency

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Section titles and transcriptions are reference aids. The record-level page shows the citation and whether its transcription has been reviewed. Laws can be amended and a consolidated copy can lag behind an official gazette; compare the cited source with the most recent official publication before relying on a provision.