QSO 1984 § Article 19 — Relevancy of facts forming part of some transaction

Statutory text (English)

Facts which though not in issue, are
so connected with a fact in issue as to form part of the same transaction, are relevant, whether they
occurred at the same time and place or at different times and places.
Illustrations
(a) A is accused of the murder of B by beating him. Whatever was said or done by A
or B or the by-standers at the beating, or, so shortly before or after it as to form
part of the transaction, is a relevant fact.
(b) A is accused of waging war against Pakistan by taking part in an armed
insurrection in which property is destroyed, troops are attacked, and goals are
broken open. The occurrence of these facts is relevant, as forming part of the
general transaction, though A may not have been present at all of them.
(c) A sues B for a libel contained in a letter forming part of a correspondence. Letters
between the parties relating to the subject out of which the libel arose, and forming
part of the correspondence in which it is contained, are relevant facts, though they
do not contain the libel itself.
(d) The question is, whether certain goods ordered from B were delivered to A. The
goods were delivered to several Intermediate persons successively. Each delivery is
a relevant fact.

Source and verification

Source citation: Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (P.O. No. X of 1984) Art. 19: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER 1984 (LAW OF EVIDENCE)' (P.O. No. X of 1984, last amended 2017-02-16 incl. Act No. IV of 2017), p. 14, 15, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

1 historical record is linked to this section. Historical wording may be incomplete or pending verification; it is not presented as current law.

• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 14, 15) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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