QSO 1984 § Article 57 — Judgments, etc

Statutory text (English)

, other than those mentioned in Articles 54 to 56, when
relevant. Judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in Articles 54, 55 and
56, are irrelevant, unless the existence of such judgment, order or decree is a fact in issue, or
is relevant under some other provision of this Order.
Illustrations
(a) A and B separately sue C for a libel which reflects upon each of them, C in each
case says that the matter alleged to be libellous is true, and the circumstances are
such that it is probably true in each case, or in neither.
A obtains a decree against C for damages on the ground that C failed to make out
his justification. The fact is irrelevant as between B and C.
(b) A prosecutes B for adultery with C, A's wife.
B denies that C is A's wife but the Court convicts B of adultery
Afterwards, C is prosecuted for bigamy in marrying B during A's lifetime. C says
that she never was A's wife.
The judgment against B is irrelevant as against C.
(c) A prosecutes B for stealing a cow from him, B is convicted. A afterwards sues C
for the cow, which B had sold to him before his conviction. As between A and
C, the judgment against B is irrelevant.
(d) A has obtained a decree for the possession of land against B, C, B's son, murders
A in consequence.
The existence of the judgment is relevant, as showing motive for a crime.
(e) A is charged with theft and with having been previously convicted of
theft. The previous conviction is relevant as a fact in issue.
(f) A is tried for the murder of B. The fact that B prosecuted A for libel and that
A was convicted and sentenced, is relevant and under Article 21 as showing
the motive for the fact in issue.

Source and verification

Source citation: Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (P.O. No. X of 1984) Art. 57: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER 1984 (LAW OF EVIDENCE)' (P.O. No. X of 1984, last amended 2017-02-16 incl. Act No. IV of 2017), p. 35, 36, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

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Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

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• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 35, 36) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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