QSO 1984 § Article 149 — Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing

Statutory text (English)

veracity. When a witness has been asked and has answered any question which is relevant to
the inquiry only in so far as it tends to shake his credit by injuring his character, no evidence
shall be given to contradict him; but, if he answers falsely, he may afterwards be charged with
giving false evidence.
Exception 1.—If a witness is asked whether he has been previously convicted of any
crime denies it, evidence may be given of his previous conviction.
Exception 2.— If a witness is asked any question tending to impeach his impartiality and
answers it by denying the facts suggested, he may be contradicted.
Illustrations
(a) A claim against an underwriter is resisted on the ground of fraud.
The claimant is asked whether, in a former transaction, he had not made a
fraudulent claim. He denies it.
Evidence is offered to show that he did make such a claim.
The evidence is inadmissible.
(b) A witness is asked whether he was not dismissed from a situation for dishonesty.
He denies it.
Evidence is offered to show that he was dismissed for dishonesty.
The evidence is not admissible.
(c) A affirms that on a certain day he saw B at Lahore.
A is asked whether he himself was not on that day at Faisalabad. He denies it.
Evidence is offered to show that A was on that day at Faisalabad.
The evidence is admissible, not as contradicting A on a fact which affects his credit, but
as contradicting the alleged fact that B was seen on the day in question in Lahore.
In each of these cases the witness might, if his denial was false, be charged with giving
false evidence.
(d) A is asked whether his family has not had a bloodfeud with the family of B against whom
he gives evidence.
He denies it. He may be contradicted on the ground that the question tends to impeach his
impartiality.

Source and verification

Source citation: Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (P.O. No. X of 1984) Art. 149: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER 1984 (LAW OF EVIDENCE)' (P.O. No. X of 1984, last amended 2017-02-16 incl. Act No. IV of 2017), p. 63, 64, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

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Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

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• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 63, 64) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment…

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