QSO 1984 § Article 160 — Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice

Statutory text (English)

When a
party refuses to produce a document which he has had notice to produce, he cannot afterwards use
the document as evidence without the consent of the other party or the order of the Court.

Illustration
A sues B on an agreement and gives B notice to produce it. At the trial A calls for the document
and B refuses to produce it. A gives secondary evidence of its contents. B seeks to produce the
document itself to contradict the secondary evidence given by A, or in order to show that the
agreement is not stamped. He cannot do so.

Source and verification

Source citation: Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 (P.O. No. X of 1984) Art. 160: Pakistan Code portal consolidated official PDF 'THE QANUN-E-SHAHADAT ORDER 1984 (LAW OF EVIDENCE)' (P.O. No. X of 1984, last amended 2017-02-16 incl. Act No. IV of 2017), p. 66, ingested 2026-09-15. Automated transcription from official source (pypdf extraction, audited artifact repair); human admin re-check required before production.

Verification status: verified · Text status: auto_transcribed_verified_source

The record cites an official source, but its transcription is automated or only partly checked; a human re-check is pending.

Official Urdu text status: pending_official_urdu_text. Where official Urdu wording has not been sourced, Qanoon does not substitute an unverified translation for the statutory text.

Historical text notes

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• Date not confirmed: Consolidated current text as published in the official Pakistan Code PDF (p. 66) — reflects all amendments recorded in the official footnotes up to ingest date 2026-09-15. Automated transcription; per-amendment version…

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